How Does Escitalopram Work?

• Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition:
  • Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating mood, sleep and appetite, among other functions.
  • Normally, after serotonin is released into the synaptic space (the gap between neurons), it is reuptaken by the presynaptic neuron, reducing its availability at the synapse.
  • Escitalopram inhibits serotonin reuptake by blocking the serotonin transporter (SERT), increasing the amount of serotonin available in the synaptic space.
• Effects on Synaptic Transmission:
  • By increasing the concentration of serotonin in the synapse, escitalopram enhances serotonin signaling.
  • This increased availability of serotonin may improve communication between neurons and contribute to the improvement of depressive and anxious symptoms.

Indications for Use

• Escitalopram is taken by mouth with water. It can be taken with or without food, but the same daily routine must be followed to maintain a constant focus on the body.
• Escitalopram is usually taken continuously for several weeks so that the antidepressant effects are fully felt. You should not abruptly discontinue treatment without consulting a doctor, as it may cause withdrawal symptoms or a worsening of symptoms.
• In patients with liver or kidney problems, dose adjustments may be necessary. Special care should also be taken in elderly patients, who may be more sensitive to the effects of the medication.
• As with all medications, escitalopram can have side effects. The most common include nausea, insomnia, drowsiness, and decreased sexual desire. These effects are usually mild and may go away over time.
• Escitalopram should not be combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), as there can be dangerous interactions affecting blood pressure and other serious side effects.
• It is important to follow scheduled appointments with the doctor to evaluate the response to treatment and adjust the dose if necessary.

Side Effects

• Nausea
• Insomnia or sleepiness
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Sweating
• Dizziness

Serious Side Effects

• Suicidal thoughts, especially at the start of treatment
• Serotoninergic syndrome (a rare but potentially fatal condition caused by too much serotonin).

Contraindications and Precautions

• Hypersensitivity: It should not be administered to patients with known hypersensitivity to escitalopram or to any of the excipients of the medicinal product.
• Concurrent Use with MAOIs: Contraindicated in combination with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) due to the risk of serious interactions.
• Start of Treatment: It may take several weeks for symptoms to improve.
• Suicide Risk: Patients should be monitored for suicide risk, especially at the start of treatment or when dose adjustments are made.
• Interactions: Avoid concurrent use with other medications that affect serotonin (for example, other SSRIs, MAOIs) because of the risk of serotonin syndrome.
• Alcohol: Alcohol should be avoided while taking escitalopram.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Should be used with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women. It is necessary to evaluate the risk-benefit in these cases.
• Medical Conditions: Tell the doctor if the patient has a history of bipolar disorders, seizures, heart or liver problems.

Interactions with Other Medications

• It may interact with other medications, especially other antidepressants, triptans (used for migraines), and medications that affect blood clotting (such as warfarin).

How to Take Escitalopram

• Escitalopram should only be taken under a doctor's prescription. Your doctor will evaluate your condition and decide if this medication is right for you, as well as the right dosage.
• Strictly follow your doctor's instructions regarding the dosage and time of taking. It is usually taken once a day, either in the morning or evening, with or without food.
• Do not adjust the dose or stop taking the medication without first talking to your doctor. Changing the dose incorrectly can have adverse effects.
• Try to take escitalopram at the same time every day to maintain stable levels in your body.
• Watch for any side effects you may experience and report them to your doctor right away. Some common effects include nausea, drowsiness, insomnia, excessive sweating, and others.
• Treatment with escitalopram is likely to be long-term to adequately control symptoms. Don't stop treatment without medical advice, even if you feel better.
• Tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including supplements and over-the-counter medications, to avoid negative interactions.
• Your doctor may need to perform regular checks to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and adjust the dose if necessary.

Conclusion

Escitalopram, with its demonstrated efficacy in treating disorders such as depression and anxiety, represents a valuable tool in modern psychopharmacology. Its ability to improve the quality of life of those who use it positions it as a fundamental resource in the search for mental well-being.