Sexual Health

Paroxetine

What is Paroxetine?

Paroxetine is an antidepressant medication that belongs to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is primarily used to treat mood and anxiety disorders, such as major depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Paroxetine is marketed under several brand names, including Paxil®, Paxil CR® and Pexeva®.

How Does Paroxetine Work?

Paroxetine works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that influences mood, emotions and sleep. By inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin into neurons, paroxetine helps balance serotonin levels in the brain, which can improve mood and reduce anxiety.

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Indications for Use

  1. Major Depression:
    • Use: To treat symptoms of depression, such as persistent sadness, lack of interest in activities, and fatigue.
    • Dosage: The typical starting dose is 20 mg per day, which can be adjusted according to the patient's response.
  2. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD):
    • Use: To reduce symptoms of excessive anxiety and worry.
    • Dosage: The starting dose may vary, but it usually starts at 20 mg a day.
  3. Panic Disorder:
    • Use: To treat recurrent panic attacks and reduce the frequency of panic episodes
    • Dosage: The typical starting dose is 10 mg per day, which can be increased gradually.
  4. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD):
    • Use: To reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors
    • Dosage: The starting dose is usually 20 mg per day, with possible increases depending on the response.
  5. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD):
    • Use: To treat symptoms of PTSD, such as intrusive memories, nightmares, and hypervigilance
    • Dosage: The starting dose may vary, but is usually 20 mg a day.
  6. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD):
    • Use: To reduce fear and anxiety in social situations.
    • Dosage: The typical starting dose is 20 mg per day.

Side Effects

Like all medicines, paroxetine can cause side effects. Common side effects include:

  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Sleepiness
  • Insomnia
  • Excessive sweating
  • Dry mouth
  • Loss of appetite
  • Sexual dysfunction (decreased libido, difficulty reaching orgasm)

Serious Side Effects

  • Suicidal thoughts, especially in the first few months of treatment or when changing the dose
  • Serotoninergic syndrome, including symptoms such as agitation, hallucinations, fever, changes in blood pressure and heart rate
  • Serious allergic reactions, such as skin rash, itching, or swelling
  • Seizures
  • Abnormal bleeding, especially if taken with blood thinners or NSAIDs

Contraindications and Precautions

Paroxetine should not be used by people who:

  • Are taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or have taken an MAOI in the past two weeks.
  • Are allergic to paroxetine or any of its ingredients
  • Are pregnant, especially in the first trimester, because of the potential risk of birth defects.

Precautions:

  • Tell your doctor about any history of bipolar disorders, seizures, liver or kidney problems, glaucoma, and bleeding disorders.
  • Monitor for symptoms of worsening depression or unusual changes in behavior.

Interactions with Other Medications

Paroxetine may interact with other medications, which may increase the risk of serious side effects:

  • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): It should not be taken with paroxetine because of the risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • Anticoagulants and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): They may increase the risk of bleeding.
  • Other SSRIs or IRSN: It may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • Migraine medications (triptans): They may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.

How to Take Paroxetine

  • Take paroxetine by mouth, usually once a day in the morning, with or without food.
  • Swallow the extended-release tablets or capsules whole, without chewing or crushing.
  • Follow your doctor's instructions regarding dosage and duration of treatment.
  • Do not stop taking the medication abruptly without consulting a doctor, as it may cause withdrawal symptoms.

Conclusion

Paroxetine is an effective medication for treating several mood and anxiety disorders when used correctly. If you experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, OCD, PTSD, or SAD, consult a healthcare professional to determine if paroxetine is right for you. At Dzeus, we offer confidential consultations and personalized treatments to help you manage these conditions and improve your quality of life.